¿Cuáles son los distintos perfiles de extrusión de aluminio?

I used to think aluminum extrusions only came in simple bars. Then I saw how many profile shapes existed—it blew my mind. (Max 30 words)

Aluminum extrusions come in many standard and custom profiles, including solid, hollow, and semi-hollow shapes. Each profile serves a different purpose based on its design. (Máximo 50 palabras)

Many people don’t realize how diverse aluminum profiles can be. Let’s explore the full range of options and how to choose them.

What standard extrusion shapes are available?

Every time I visited a factory warehouse, I saw racks of similar-looking extrusions. I wondered what basic shapes they always stocked. (Max 30 words)

Standard aluminum extrusion shapes include bars, tubes, angles, channels, and tees. These are pre-designed and widely available from most suppliers. (Máximo 50 palabras)

Standard aluminum extrusions are the starting point for many projects. These shapes are produced in large quantities and are easy to source. Common options include round tubes, square tubes, flat bars, L-shaped angles, and U-channels.

Common Standard Shapes

Each of these shapes follows a standard sizing system. For example, a square tube may come in 20×20 mm, 30×30 mm, etc. Suppliers can cut them to length or deliver full bars.

Standard profiles are useful because they reduce cost and simplify inventory. You don’t need custom dies. I often start prototyping with standard bars, then shift to custom only if necessary.

How are extrusions classified: solid, hollow, semi-hollow?

I once ordered what looked like a tube, but it cost much more than expected. Turns out it was a semi-hollow, not a hollow. (Max 30 words)

Aluminum extrusions are classified as solid, hollow, or semi-hollow based on whether they contain enclosed voids. (Máximo 50 palabras)

Extrusions are grouped by their internal structure:

1. Solid Profiles

Solid profiles have no enclosed voids. They include flat bars, angles, tees, I-beams, and Z-shapes.

Ventajas:

• Strong and rigid
• Menor coste de utillaje
• Easier to extrude

Ejemplos: L-angle, flat bar, solid rod

2. Hollow Profiles

Hollow profiles have enclosed voids running through them, like pipes or tubes.

Ventajas:

• Ligero
• Allows routing cables or fluids
• Good strength-to-weight ratio

Ejemplos: Round tube, square tube, rectangular hollow

3. Semi-Hollow Profiles

These have partially enclosed voids. The void is not completely sealed.

Ventajas:

• Combine strength and weight savings
• More complex structure

Ejemplos: C-channels with narrow gaps, keyhole slots

Table: Extrusion Class Types

Each class affects cost, complexity, and weight. Solid extrusions are simpler and cheaper. Hollow needs bridge dies and more control. Semi-hollow falls in between. For me, understanding this helped avoid misorders and budget surprises.

What are common profile cross-sections: T, U, channel, angle?

I saw an extrusion shaped like a ‘Z’ and wondered if these profiles had names or categories. (Max 30 words)

Common cross-sections in aluminum extrusions include T-shapes, U-channels, angles, and Z-shapes. Each is chosen for specific structural or assembly needs. (Máximo 50 palabras)

Extruded profiles are often named after the letter they resemble. These include:

T-Shapes

T-profiles look like a capital T. They are used as structural connectors or reinforcements.

Usos:

• Joining two panels
• Supporting cross-sections

U-Channels

These are U-shaped extrusions, also called channels. They are often used for tracks or mounting systems.

Usos:

• Sliding mechanisms
• Cable guides

L-Angles

These have a 90° angle, forming an L. They’re common for corner protection or framing.

Usos:

• Edge bracing
• Corner guards

Z-Profiles

Z-shapes bend in opposite directions, like a "Z". Used in roofing and cladding.

Usos:

• Panel spacers
• Structural stiffeners

Other Common Cross-Sections

I’ve seen some clients choose these for aesthetics, not just strength. For instance, T-profiles give clean joining lines in furniture or solar frames. U-channels are useful for LED strip holders or wiring channels. Picking the right cross-section can reduce parts and simplify design.

What specialized or custom profile types exist?

A customer once handed me a sketch of a weird-shaped extrusion and asked, “Can you make this?” That’s when I learned about custom profiles. (Max 30 words)

Specialized or custom aluminum profiles are designed for unique functions, with features like interlocks, grooves, or branding. They solve design problems that standard shapes can’t. (Máximo 50 palabras)

Custom profiles start with a sketch or CAD file. The goal is to match the part’s function exactly. For example, in solar panel frames, profiles often have locking lips, screw channels, and drain holes built in. These cannot be made from a standard bar or tube.

Features in Custom Profiles

• Snap-fit connectors
• Sliding rails
• T-slots for bolts
• Integrated cooling fins
• Custom logo embossing

Custom dies cost more upfront. But they pay off in mass production. I helped one client switch from welding parts together to using a custom extrusion with all features in one piece. It saved them 30% in assembly time.

Table: Standard vs Custom Profiles

Specialized profiles are also used in electronics. Heat sinks often have deep fins and base holes. LED housing profiles include slots for wires and diffusers. If your project demands high precision or reduced parts, custom is the way to go.

Conclusión

Aluminum extrusion profiles come in many forms—standard, custom, solid, or hollow. Knowing the differences helps choose the right one for function, cost, and ease of assembly.