{"id":26754,"date":"2025-12-04T11:48:47","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T03:48:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/?p=26754"},"modified":"2025-12-04T11:48:47","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T03:48:47","slug":"omezeni-ohyboveho-polomeru-hlinikovych-profilu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/aluminum-extrusion-bending-radius-limitations\/","title":{"rendered":"Omezen\u00ed ohybov\u00e9ho polom\u011bru hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch profil\u016f?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed
Vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku Tvrd\u00e9 eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch profil\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n

Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 profily \u010dasto vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zak\u0159iven\u00ed nebo ohyby, aby vyhovovaly konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm konstrukc\u00edm. Nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd polom\u011br ohybu m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit zten\u010den\u00ed st\u011bny nebo praskliny. <\/p>\n

Porozum\u011bn\u00ed limit\u016fm ohybov\u00e9ho polom\u011bru pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vyr\u00e1b\u011bt zak\u0159iven\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky, kter\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed pevn\u00e9 a spl\u0148uj\u00ed konstruk\u010dn\u00ed po\u017eadavky.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm polom\u011brem, tlou\u0161\u0165kou st\u011bny, slitinou a procesem. N\u00ed\u017ee vysv\u011btluji bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 postupy oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdznam slitiny a tlou\u0161\u0165ky, zda zak\u0159iven\u00e9 profily mohou n\u00e9st zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a kdy je lep\u0161\u00ed volbou oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za pomoci tepla.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00fd je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed polom\u011br ohybu pro v\u00fdlisky?<\/h2>\n

P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 prudk\u00e9 oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed rovn\u00e9ho v\u00fdlisku \u010dasto vede k prasklin\u00e1m nebo v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9mu zdeformov\u00e1n\u00ed. Toto riziko znepokojuje v\u00fdrobce i z\u00e1kazn\u00edky. <\/p>\n

Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed polom\u011br ohybu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tlou\u0161\u0165ce st\u011bny, tvaru profilu a slitin\u011b. Obecn\u00fdm pravidlem je 5\u201310n\u00e1sobek tlou\u0161\u0165ky st\u011bny pro jednoduch\u00e9 ohyby; t\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ohyby obvykle vy\u017eaduj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed techniky.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\u0158ez\u00e1n\u00ed
\u0158ez\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch v\u00fdlisk\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n

P\u0159i oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed extrudovan\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku bez zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo speci\u00e1ln\u00edho n\u00e1stroje doch\u00e1z\u00ed k v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed, pokud je ohyb p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 t\u011bsn\u00fd. Bezpe\u010dn\u00fdm pravidlem je udr\u017eovat polom\u011br ohybu \u00fam\u011brn\u00fd tlou\u0161\u0165ce st\u011bny. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud je tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny 3 mm, minim\u00e1ln\u00ed polom\u011br ohybu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt 15\u201330 mm. Tento rozsah pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zabr\u00e1nit prask\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokud se pokus\u00edte oh\u00fdbat s polom\u011brem men\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e 5\u00d7 tlou\u0161\u0165ka, st\u011bna se m\u016f\u017ee na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b zvr\u00e1snit nebo roz\u0161t\u011bpit a na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stran\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee nat\u00e1hnout nebo ov\u00e1lnit. Limit se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na tvaru pr\u016f\u0159ezu. Pln\u00e9 obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00e9 profily sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e dut\u00e9 trubky. Dut\u00e9 profily se p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ostr\u00e9m oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto deformuj\u00ed nebo zhrout\u00ed. U slo\u017eit\u00fdch profil\u016f s \u017eebry nebo v\u00edce st\u011bnami se deformace soust\u0159e\u010fuj\u00ed v roz\u00edch a vnit\u0159n\u00edch \u017eebrech. Tyto oblasti vy\u017eaduj\u00ed jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zak\u0159iven\u00ed. Mnoho d\u00edlen vede tabulku \u201cbezpe\u010dn\u00fdch polom\u011br\u016f ohybu\u201d pro ka\u017edou skupinu profil\u016f. Ta se st\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed konstruk\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdkres\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky maj\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed kan\u00e1ly. Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00fdch profil\u016f s mal\u00fdm polom\u011brem m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit zhroucen\u00ed kan\u00e1l\u016f nebo z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed otvor\u016f. Pot\u00e9 d\u00edl p\u0159estane plnit svou funkci. Proto je rozumn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt pro jednoduch\u00e9 tvary standardn\u00ed hodnotu 5\u201310\u00d7 tlou\u0161\u0165ky. U kritick\u00fdch profil\u016f nebo nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 tvrdosti slitiny je bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1dat o neoh\u00fdban\u00fd v\u00fdlisek a prov\u00e9st obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed nebo sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Krom\u011b tlou\u0161\u0165ky ovliv\u0148uje oh\u00fdbatelnost tak\u00e9 stav slitiny (T-temperovan\u00e1 nebo O-temperovan\u00e1) a stabilita temperov\u00e1n\u00ed. I p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m polom\u011bru m\u016f\u017ee tvrzen\u00fd hlin\u00edk prasknout. U m\u011bkk\u00e9ho temperov\u00e1n\u00ed je povolen\u00fd ohyb v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, ale pevnost po ohybu je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i a v\u00fdrobci mus\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit polom\u011br ohybu kone\u010dn\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed. <\/p>\n

<\/svg> Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd minim\u00e1ln\u00ed polom\u011br ohybu pro jednoduch\u00fd v\u00fdlisek o tlou\u0161\u0165ce 3 mm je \u010dasto p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 15 mm.<\/b>Pravda<\/span><\/p>

P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed 5n\u00e1sobku tlou\u0161\u0165ky st\u011bny jako vod\u00edtka poskytuje st\u011bna o tlou\u0161\u0165ce 3 mm minim\u00e1ln\u00ed polom\u011br p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 15 mm, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo prask\u00e1n\u00ed v jednoduch\u00fdch ohybech.<\/p><\/div>
\n

<\/svg> Jak\u00fdkoli v\u00fdlisek m\u016f\u017eete bezpe\u010dn\u011b ohnout na dvojn\u00e1sobek tlou\u0161\u0165ky st\u011bny bez speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravy.<\/b>False<\/span><\/p>

Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed do velmi mal\u00e9ho polom\u011bru, nap\u0159\u00edklad 2n\u00e1sobku tlou\u0161\u0165ky, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zp\u016fsob\u00ed zhroucen\u00ed st\u011bny nebo prasknut\u00ed, pokud nejsou pou\u017eity speci\u00e1ln\u00ed techniky.<\/p><\/div> <\/p>\n

Jak tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny a slitina ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h2>\n

Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho profilu funguje stejn\u011b jako oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed kovov\u00e9 ty\u010de \u2013 \u010d\u00edm ten\u010d\u00ed je st\u011bna a \u010d\u00edm m\u011bk\u010d\u00ed je slitina, t\u00edm snaz\u0161\u00ed je oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 volba v\u0161ak s sebou nese ur\u010dit\u00e9 kompromisy. <\/p>\n

Siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u011bny odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed deformaci p\u0159i oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed, ale vy\u017eaduj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed polom\u011br ohybu. M\u011bkk\u00e9 slitiny se oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed snadn\u011bji a maj\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku trhlin; tvrd\u0161\u00ed slitiny mohou p\u0159i stejn\u00e9m polom\u011bru ohybu prasknout.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Skladov\u00e9
Skladov\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 profily<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e je st\u011bna siln\u00e1, oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edho a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho povrchu. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed povrch se stla\u010duje, vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed povrch se protahuje. Tenk\u00e9 st\u011bny se oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u011bji. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee dut\u00e1 trubka s tenk\u00fdmi st\u011bnami se \u010dasto oh\u00fdb\u00e1 plynuleji ne\u017e trubka se siln\u00fdmi st\u011bnami se stejn\u00fdm vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brem. Tenk\u00e9 st\u011bny v\u0161ak znamenaj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fanosnost. Pokud jde o zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u011bny poskytuj\u00ed po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed pevnost. Siln\u00e9 st\u011bny v\u0161ak znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00edte po\u010d\u00edtat s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm polom\u011brem ohybu. Konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i mus\u00ed naj\u00edt rovnov\u00e1hu mezi po\u017eadavky na zak\u0159iven\u00ed a konstruk\u010dn\u00ed pevnost\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je tak\u00e9 slitina. Nap\u0159\u00edklad slitina 6063-T5 nebo T6 je b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 pro architektonick\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky. 6063 je m\u011bk\u010d\u00ed a ohebn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 6082 nebo 6061. To zlep\u0161uje v\u00fdsledek oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed. Po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed je v\u0161ak jej\u00ed pevnost ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch slitin. Tvrd\u0161\u00ed slitiny, jako je 6061-T6, l\u00e9pe udr\u017euj\u00ed pevnost p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, ale odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159i stejn\u00e9m polom\u011bru ohybu se sn\u00e1ze l\u00e1mou. Temperov\u00e1n\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje ta\u017enost. M\u011bkk\u00e9 temperov\u00e1n\u00ed (T5, T6 po temperov\u00e1n\u00ed) je m\u00e9n\u011b ta\u017en\u00e9. O-temperov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed) poskytuje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ta\u017enost, ale ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed kone\u010dnou pevnost. Pro oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se n\u011bkdy extruduje v O-temperu, oh\u00fdb\u00e1 a pot\u00e9 znovu tepeln\u011b zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1. To v\u0161ak zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je tak\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny a tvar profilu. Tenkost\u011bnn\u00e9 dut\u00e9 profily maj\u00ed tendenci se p\u0159i oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed ov\u00e1lnit, pokud nejsou vnit\u0159n\u011b podep\u0159eny. Pln\u00e9 profily si mohou zachovat tvar, ale vy\u017eaduj\u00ed velk\u00fd polom\u011br. Pokud m\u00e1 profil v\u00edce dutin nebo vnit\u0159n\u00edch v\u00fdztuh, oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee deformovat vnit\u0159n\u00ed v\u00fdztuhy nebo zhroutit st\u011bny. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed trny nebo vnit\u0159n\u00ed podp\u011brn\u00e9 ty\u010de, aby b\u011bhem oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017eeli tvar uvnit\u0159 dut\u00fdch profil\u016f. To sni\u017euje zten\u010den\u00ed st\u011bny a zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u016f\u0159ez. To v\u0161ak pom\u00e1h\u00e1 pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee to umo\u017e\u0148uje slitina a tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je tak\u00e9 sm\u011br oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed ve vztahu ke zrnu extruze. Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky maj\u00ed \u010dasto sm\u011br zrna pod\u00e9l d\u00e9lky. Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d zrnem sni\u017euje ta\u017enost a zvy\u0161uje riziko prask\u00e1n\u00ed. M\u011bkk\u00e9 slitiny l\u00e9pe sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed zrno. Tvrd\u00e9 slitiny mohou praskat pod\u00e9l zrna. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny, typ slitiny, temperov\u00e1n\u00ed a tvar profilu spole\u010dn\u011b rozhoduj\u00ed o tom, jak t\u011bsn\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed. Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 standardn\u00ed pravidlo. U d\u00edl\u016f s velk\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm nebo slo\u017eit\u00fdch tvar\u016f v\u0161ak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm pln\u00e9 v\u00fdroby otestov\u00e1no na vzorc\u00edch. <\/p>\n

<\/svg> Dut\u00fd v\u00fdlisek s tenk\u00fdmi st\u011bnami se oh\u00fdb\u00e1 sn\u00e1ze ne\u017e tlust\u00fd pln\u00fd v\u00fdlisek stejn\u00e9 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed velikosti.<\/b>Pravda<\/span><\/p>

Tenkost\u011bnn\u00e9 dut\u00e9 profily se oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed snadn\u011bji a pro stejn\u00e9 zak\u0159iven\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed s\u00edlu ne\u017e pln\u00e9 tlust\u00e9 profily.<\/p><\/div>
\n

<\/svg> Tvrd\u00e9 slitiny jako 6061\u2011T6 se oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed stejn\u011b snadno jako m\u011bk\u010d\u00ed slitiny jako 6063, pokud maj\u00ed stejnou tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny.<\/b>False<\/span><\/p>

Tvrd\u0161\u00ed slitiny odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed deformaci a p\u0159i oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sklon k prask\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e m\u011bk\u010d\u00ed slitiny za stejn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><\/div> <\/p>\n

Mohou zak\u0159iven\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky splnit po\u017eadavky na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed?<\/h2>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 konstrukce vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zak\u0159iven\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 d\u00edly, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed i nad\u00e1le n\u00e9st zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. To vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pochybnosti: oslabuje oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed pevnost? <\/p>\n

Zak\u0159iven\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky mohou spl\u0148ovat po\u017eadavky na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, pokud je oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed provedeno spr\u00e1vn\u011b a konstrukce zohled\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eenou pevnost, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed a mo\u017enou deformaci p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd
Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd v\u00fdlisek 6101B Vodiv\u00e9 kolejnice Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd profil<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n

Ohnut\u00ed nosn\u00edku m\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed. V rovn\u00e9m nosn\u00edku pod zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm se nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed rozlo\u017e\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u011b. V ohnut\u00e9m nosn\u00edku se vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st ohybu stla\u010duje a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st ohybu se proh\u00fdb\u00e1 v tahu. To zvy\u0161uje koncentraci nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed. Projektanti to mus\u00ed vz\u00edt v \u00favahu. Zak\u0159iven\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v z\u00e1bradl\u00edch, r\u00e1mech, ochrann\u00fdch z\u00e1bradl\u00edch a n\u00e1bytku \u010dasto nesou zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Jejich pr\u016f\u0159ez mus\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnout ohybov\u00fd moment a nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 zak\u0159iven\u00fdm tvarem. Nap\u0159\u00edklad obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00fd profil ohnut\u00fd do polom\u011bru se st\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b tuh\u00fdm p\u0159i ohybu kolmo k zak\u0159iven\u00ed. To sni\u017euje nosnost ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rovn\u00fdm profilem. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pevnosti z\u00e1vis\u00ed na \u00fahlu ohybu, polom\u011bru, zm\u011bn\u011b pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e9ho modulu po ohybu a p\u016fvodn\u00ed pevnosti slitiny. Jako v\u00fdrobce je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 testovat vzorky d\u00edl\u016f pod o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm. To odhal\u00ed, o kolik se pevnost sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. N\u011bkdy se pevnost po ohybu sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed o 10\u201325 procent. Aby to kompenzovali, konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rezervu pou\u017eit\u00edm siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch st\u011bn, pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slitiny nebo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Navrhuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u00fdztuhy. U konstruk\u010dn\u00edch prvk\u016f mohou zak\u0159iven\u00e9 d\u00edly vy\u017eadovat v\u00fdztuhy nebo p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 \u017eebra. U n\u00e1bytku nebo lehk\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed sta\u010d\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 ohyby. Dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem je zbytkov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed z ohybu. Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 ohyby si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed zabudovan\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed. Pod zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm se toto nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 k provozn\u00edmu nap\u011bt\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fanavu materi\u00e1lu. Zejm\u00e9na pokud se jedn\u00e1 o cyklick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Povlaky a povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava ne obnovuj\u00ed ztracenou pevnost. Pokud bude zak\u0159iven\u00fd v\u00fdlisek sva\u0159ov\u00e1n, pom\u016f\u017ee ohyb p\u0159ed sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm. Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00f3nu ovlivn\u011bnou teplem \u2013 riziko deformace, kde teplo zm\u011bk\u010duje kov. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tedy nutn\u00e9 narovn\u00e1n\u00ed po sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. U zat\u011b\u017eovan\u00fdch oh\u00fdban\u00fdch d\u00edl\u016f je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 kontrola a kontrola kvality po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed. Zm\u011b\u0159te tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny v ohybu, zkontrolujte, zda nejsou praskliny nebo zten\u010den\u00ed, prove\u010fte zkou\u0161ku pod zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm a zkontrolujte po cyklech. S dobrou slitinou, spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm temperov\u00e1n\u00edm, spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm polom\u011brem ohybu a kontrolou kvality mohou oh\u00fdban\u00e9 v\u00fdlisky dos\u00e1hnout nebo se p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit zat\u011b\u017eovac\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti rovn\u00fdch v\u00fdlisk\u016f. Ale p\u0159edpoklady je t\u0159eba ov\u011b\u0159it. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Faktor designu<\/th>\nVliv na nosnost po ohybu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Polom\u011br ohybu a \u00fahel<\/td>\nMen\u0161\u00ed polom\u011br a ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed \u00fahel zvy\u0161uj\u00ed nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a sni\u017euj\u00ed kapacitu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny<\/td>\nSiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u011bny si po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pevnost.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Slitina a tvrdost<\/td>\nSiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slitina unese v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, ale p\u0159i siln\u00e9m ohybu m\u016f\u017ee prasknout.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Slo\u017eitost tvaru<\/td>\nJednoduch\u00e9 profily maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon ne\u017e slo\u017eit\u00e9 tvary.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zbytkov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed a \u00fanava materi\u00e1lu<\/td>\nM\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit \u00fanavovou \u017eivotnost p\u0159i cyklick\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/svg> Zak\u0159iven\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 profily maj\u00ed v\u017edy ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed nosnost ne\u017e rovn\u00e9 profily se stejn\u00fdm pr\u016f\u0159ezem.<\/b>Pravda<\/span><\/p>

Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje koncentraci nap\u011bt\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zten\u010den\u00ed, co\u017e sni\u017euje nosnost ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rovn\u00fdmi \u00faseky.<\/p><\/div>
\n

<\/svg> Dob\u0159e oh\u00fdban\u00fd profil se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm polom\u011brem a slitinou m\u016f\u017ee ve v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpadech dos\u00e1hnout stejn\u00e9 nosnosti jako rovn\u00e9 profily.<\/b>False<\/span><\/p>

I p\u0159i ide\u00e1ln\u00edm ohybu zp\u016fsobuje zak\u0159iven\u00ed zm\u011bny v rozlo\u017een\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed a mo\u017en\u00e9 oslaben\u00ed p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, tak\u017ee nosnost je obvykle ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed nebo vy\u017eaduje konstruk\u010dn\u00ed kompenzace.<\/p><\/div> <\/p>\n

Jsou ohyby za pomoci tepla spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed?<\/h2>\n

Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za studena je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, ale \u010dasto omezuje, jak ostr\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt k\u0159ivka, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo k prasknut\u00ed. Teplo m\u016f\u017ee pomoci, ale m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody. <\/p>\n

Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za pomoci tepla, jako je induk\u010dn\u00ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, umo\u017e\u0148uje dos\u00e1hnout men\u0161\u00edch polom\u011br\u016f s men\u0161\u00edm rizikem vzniku trhlin, ale vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dlivou kontrolu slitiny a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed, aby byla zachov\u00e1na pevnost.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdroba
V\u00fdroba hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch v\u00fdlisk\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n

P\u016fsoben\u00edm tepla se hlin\u00edk zm\u011bk\u010d\u00ed a do\u010dasn\u011b se zlep\u0161\u00ed jeho ta\u017enost. To sni\u017euje nap\u011bt\u00ed b\u011bhem oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed ohyby nebo slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tvary. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdlisky zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9 na m\u00edrnou teplotu (bl\u00edzkou bodu \u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed) se oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed sn\u00e1ze. Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za pomoci tepla je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 u z\u00e1bradl\u00ed, architektonick\u00fdch prvk\u016f nebo konstruk\u010dn\u00edch oblouk\u016f. P\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 kontrole tepla a oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se vnit\u0159n\u00ed st\u011bna nema\u010dk\u00e1 a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u011bna neprask\u00e1. Induk\u010dn\u00ed oh\u0159\u00edva\u010de nebo pece oh\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze oh\u00fdbanou z\u00f3nu. Pot\u00e9 oh\u00fdbac\u00ed n\u00e1stroje postupn\u011b tvaruj\u00ed profil. Po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed mohou n\u011bkter\u00e9 slitiny (nap\u0159. 6063, 6061) ztratit tvrdost, pokud je teplota p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1. To sni\u017euje pevnost. Po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed proto profily \u010dasto vy\u017eaduj\u00ed op\u011btovn\u00e9 kalen\u00ed nebo st\u00e1rnut\u00ed. To zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady a \u010das. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobci zas\u00edlaj\u00ed oh\u00fdban\u00e9 profily zp\u011bt na linku pro op\u011btovn\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed st\u00e1rnut\u00ed v pec\u00edch. Dal\u0161\u00ed metodou je pou\u017eit\u00ed slitin s m\u011bk\u010d\u00edm stavem (O nebo T4) p\u0159ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00edm a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 st\u00e1rnut\u00ed po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed. T\u00edm se zachov\u00e1 pevnost. Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za pomoci tepla v\u0161ak s sebou nese rizika. Nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vede k nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b stavu. Mohou se vytvo\u0159it sva\u0159ovan\u00e9 z\u00f3ny nebo z\u00f3ny ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 teplem. To nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti. U dut\u00fdch profil\u016f m\u016f\u017ee teplo zdeformovat nebo zhroutit pr\u016f\u0159ez, pokud nen\u00ed podep\u0159en. Tak\u00e9 povlaky nebo povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava mohou b\u00fdt po\u0161kozeny teplem. Pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd n\u00e1t\u011br nebo eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed nanesen\u00e9 p\u0159ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00edm mohou prasknout. V\u011bt\u0161ina oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za pomoci tepla se proto prov\u00e1d\u00ed na hol\u00fdch extrudovan\u00fdch profilech. Po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed a temperov\u00e1n\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava. To p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed kroky, ale zaji\u0161\u0165uje integritu povlaku. U kritick\u00fdch konstruk\u010dn\u00edch nebo architektonick\u00fdch prvk\u016f nab\u00edz\u00ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla nejlep\u0161\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu mezi tvarem a pevnost\u00ed. U jednoduch\u00fdch dekorativn\u00edch nebo m\u00e1lo zat\u011b\u017eovan\u00fdch d\u00edl\u016f \u010dasto sta\u010d\u00ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za studena. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed procesu je spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 kontrola procesu, oh\u0159ev, oh\u00fdbac\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, \u00faprava po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed a kontrola kvality. Bez nich m\u016f\u017ee oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla zp\u016fsobit slab\u00e1 m\u00edsta nebo vady. <\/p>\n

<\/svg> Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla umo\u017e\u0148uje dos\u00e1hnout men\u0161\u00edch polom\u011br\u016f bez prasklin ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00edm za studena.<\/b>Pravda<\/span><\/p>

Oh\u0159ev zvy\u0161uje ta\u017enost, tak\u017ee se kov oh\u00fdb\u00e1 snadn\u011bji a vnit\u0159n\u00ed a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u011bny se p\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zak\u0159iven\u00ed nerozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>
\n

<\/svg> Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla v\u017edy zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00ed mechanickou pevnost hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny.<\/b>False<\/span><\/p>

Oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit tvrdost a sn\u00ed\u017eit pevnost, pokud nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b provedeno op\u011btovn\u00e9 kalen\u00ed nebo tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed po oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><\/div> <\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n

Zak\u0159iven\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 profily lze pou\u017e\u00edt, pokud polom\u011br ohybu, slitina, tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny a proces odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016fm n\u00e1vrhu. Tepeln\u00e9 oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159uje mo\u017enosti, ale vy\u017eaduje p\u0159\u00edsnou kontrolu kvality. P\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m zach\u00e1zen\u00ed mohou oh\u00fdban\u00e9 profily spolehliv\u011b fungovat i p\u0159i vysok\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch na tvar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aluminum Extrusion Hard Anodizing Aluminum Profiles Aluminum extrusions often need curves or bends to fit specific designs. A wrong bend radius can cause wall thinning or cracks. Understanding bending radius limits helps produce curved extrusions that stay strong and meet design needs. Good bending starts with correct radius, wall thickness, alloy, and process. Below I […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":5609,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-custom-mold"],"meta_box":{"post-to-quiz_to":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26754"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26754\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinoextrud.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}